Checklist of valid genera of Opiliones of the World
by Adriano B. Kury
< back to A.B. Kury < back to Arachnology > to Classification of Opiliones
PAGE CURRENTLY BEING RECONCEIVED/REWORKED -- PLEASE BE PATIENT
This page may be cited as:
Kury, A.B. (2002 onwards) Checklist of valid genera of Opiliones of the World. Museu Nacional/UFRJ website. Online at: http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/mndi/Aracnologia/checklaniator.htm
| GENERA RECENTLY DESCRIBED IN OPILIONES: | |
| 2011: | Forsteropsalis Taylor, 2011, Hypomegalopsalis Taylor, 2011, Magnispina Mendes, 2011, Petrobunus Sharma & Giribet, 2011, Tercentenarium Taylor, 2011. |
| 2010: | Ayenea Santos & Prieto, 2010, Canga DaSilva et al., 2010, Mbinia Santos & Prieto, 2010, Montalenia Santos & Prieto, 2010, Niefanga Santos & Prieto, 2010, Pyatan DaSilva & Gnaspini, 2010, Starengovia Snegovaya, 2010. |
| 2009: | Agathocranaus Orrico & Kury, 2009; Australiscutum Taylor, 2009; †Daohugopilio Huang et al., 2009; †Mesobunus Huang et al., 2009; Neopantopsalis Taylor & Hunt, 2009; Ricstygnus Kury, 2009; Taurolaena Snegovaya & Staręga, 2009. |
| 2008: | Camerobunus Staręga & Snegovaya, 2008; Enigmina Ubick & Briggs, 2008; Megacina Ubick & Briggs, 2008; Microcinella Ubick & Briggs, 2008; Pamiropilio Staręga & Snegovaya, 2008; Redikorcevia Snegovaya & Staręga, 2008; Templar Taylor, 2008; Tularina Ubick & Briggs, 2008 |
| 2007: | Aoraki Boyer & Giribet, 2007; Meghalaya Giribet et al., 2007 |
| Most diverse genera in Opiliones (with number of species): | |||
| These are the 30 genera of Phalangida which have 30 or more species. Together they sum 1900 species, that is 30% of the total diversity of Opiliones (6445 spp). 30 genera out of 1630 makes less than 2%, marking the extreme asymmetry of the taxonomic recognition of diversity. More impressively, the 4 top-diverse genera (0.2%), which have above 100 species each, sum up 643 species, that is 10% of the total Opiliones. Of the 30 genera listed here, 7 are Gagrellinae and 5 Cosmetidae. | |||
Gagrella |
238 |
Psathyropus |
42 |
Cynorta |
154 |
Metabiantes |
41 |
Leiobunum |
132 |
Sabacon |
40 |
Prionostemma |
119 |
Ischyropsalis |
39 |
Paecilaema |
93 |
Opilio |
39 |
Geaya |
84 |
Eusarcus |
36 |
Nemastoma |
84 |
Santinezia |
35 |
Discocyrtus |
76 |
Dentobunus |
34 |
Zaleptus |
72 |
Eucynorta |
34 |
Gagrellula |
67 |
Avima |
33 |
Nuncia |
61 |
Cyphophthalmus | 32 |
Gnomulus |
54 |
Erginulus |
32 |
Rhampsinitus |
47 |
Tithaeus |
32 |
Nelima |
45 |
Cynortula |
31 |
Zalmoxis |
45 |
Biantes |
30 |
| ETYMOLOGY OF GENERIC NAMES IN OPILIONES | |
| It is important to investigate the etymology of generic names to ascertain the gender and consequently the grammatical inflection of the specific name. It is an arduous task, because in most cases it is not acknowledged and the reviewer is obliged to investigate beneath the mysterious thoughts of long dead authors. | |
| CATEGORY | EXAMPLES |
| By far the commonest generic names in Opiliones are those derived from place names, sometimes without change, sometimes unrecognizable, horribly mutilated, or embroidered with strange prefixes or suffixes. | Amazonesia, Anjolus, Bogania, Brotasus, Bukowina, Cajamarca, Cobania, Irnia, Itatiaya, Samoa, Santobius, Tampiconus. |
| A subcategory of these are the names formed by a place/demonymic name plus a pre-existing genus | Caribbiantes, Graecophalangium, Iberosiro, Indosidama, Ivobiantes, Nippononychus. |
| Classic names formed by a combination of two Greek/Latin roots were also widely favored. | Astrobunus, Calathocratus, Cladonychium, Dendrolasma, Dolichoscelis, Fissiphallius, Ischyropsalis, Podoctis, Sterrhosoma. |
| We also have series of names derived from a same name: | Acrogonyleptes, Gonyleptellus, Metagonyleptoides, Neogonyleptes, Paragonyleptes, Progonyleptes, Progonyleptoidellus, Progonyleptoides. |
| A variation of this are the names with the same ending: | Austromontia, Ceratomontia, Graemontia, Paramontia, Planimontia. |
| Homage to people played also an important role in the choice of naming. Names of friends/relatives/naturalists/explorers: | Absolonia, Bourguyia, Buresiolla, Camarana, Geaya, Rivetinus, Roquettea, Sarasinia, Yuria. |
| Names of known/unknown women: | Cristina, Lola, Marthana. |
| Names of arachnologists: | Banksula, Crosbyella, Giupponia, Hadziana, Lomanius. |
| Names of minor kings of exquisite ancient reigns | Ariaeus, Cleombrotus, Cranaus, Erginus, Minua, Sadocus. |
| A whole section of Egyptian pharaohs: | Amasis, Cheops, Rhampsinitus, Sabacon, Sesostris, Taracus. |
| Spirits, demons, Gods and Goddesses of minor religions are also present: | Kaapora, Marwe, Trojanella, Zalmoxis. |
| Minor figures of Greek mythology: | Gryne, Mermerus. |
| Names of indigenous people: | Caddo, Incasarcus, Kainganga, Zuma. |
| Some unusual beautiful names refer to ancient names of places or cultural references of people: | Amhara, Bundelkhandia, Hinzuanius, Ibalonius, Kapichaba, Maiorerus, Travunia. |
| Also neologisms using indigenous languages in the same way as Greek or Latin: | Abaetetuba, Iandumoema. |
| Characters of literature are also present: | Pinocchio, Sandokan, Timoleon. |
| Favorite dishes: | Pyza. |
| Names referring to microhabitat/biology: | Bodunius, Cryptogeobius, Geraeocormobius. |
| Jubilee or anniversary celebration names: | Tercentenarium |
| Names referring to mode of capture: | Berlesecaptus. |
| Names used as a derogatory to political enemies: | Lentsujo. |
| Names of unknown origin, most likely modern languages, which may be puns or jokes: | Xulapona. |
| LIST OF THE GENERA OF THE ORDER OPILIONES IN THE WORLD | ||||
| Cyphophthalmi Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Incertae sedis | ||||
| Neogoveidae Shear, 1980 | ||||
| Ogoveidae Shear, 1980 | ||||
| Pettalidae Shear, 1980 | ||||
| Sironidae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Stylocellidae Hansen and Sørensen, 1904 | ||||
| Troglosironidae Shear, 1993 | ||||
| Eupnoi Hansen & Sørensen, 1904 | ||||
| Caddoidea Banks, 1892 | ||||
| Caddidae Banks, 1892 | ||||
| Acropsopilioninae Roewer, 1923 | ||||
| Caddinae Banks, 1892 | ||||
| Phalangioidea Latreille, 1802 | ||||
| Genera incertae sedis – family uncertain | ||||
| †Kustarachnidae Petrunkevitch, 1949 | ||||
| †Nemastomoididae Petrunkevitch, 1955 | ||||
| Neopilionidae Lawrence, 1931 | ||||
| Ballarrinae Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 | ||||
| Enantiobuninae Mello-Leitão, 1931 | ||||
| Neopilioninae Lawrence, 1931 | ||||
| Phalangiidae Latreille, 1802 | ||||
| Dicranopalpus genus group Crawford, 1992 | ||||
| Oligolophinae Banks, 1893 | ||||
| Opilioninae C.L.Koch, 1839 | ||||
| Phalangiinae Latreille, 1802 | ||||
| Platybuninae Staręga, 1976 | ||||
| Sclerosomatidae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Gagrellinae Thorell, 1889 | ||||
| Gyinae Šilhavý, 1946 | ||||
| Leiobuninae Banks, 1893 | ||||
| Metopilio genus group | ||||
| Protolophinae Banks, 1893 | ||||
| Sclerosomatinae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Dyspnoi Hansen & Sørensen, 1904 | ||||
| << back to top | Ischyropsalidoidea Simon, 1879 | |||
| Ceratolasmatidae Shear, 1986 | ||||
| Ischyropsalididae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Sabaconidae Dresco, 1970 | ||||
| << back to top | Troguloidea Sundevall, 1833 | |||
| Dicranolasmatidae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Nemastomatidae Simon, 1872 | ||||
| Nemastomatinae Simon, 1872 | ||||
| Ortholasmatinae Shear & Gruber, 1983 | ||||
| Nipponopsalididae Martens, 1976 | ||||
| Trogulidae Sundevall, 1833 | ||||
| Laniatores Thorell, 1876 | ||||
| << back to top | Travunioidea Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932 | |||
| Briggsidae Özdikmen & Demir 2008 | ||||
| Cladonychiidae Hadži, 1935 | ||||
| Nippononychidae Suzuki, 1975 | ||||
| Paranonychidae Briggs, 1971 | ||||
| Paranonychinae Briggs, 1971 | ||||
| Sclerobuninae Dumitrescu, 1976 | ||||
| Travuniidae Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932 | ||||
| << back to top | Triaenonychoidea Sørensen, 1886 | |||
| Synthetonychiidae Forster, 1954 | ||||
| Triaenonychidae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Triaenonychidae incertae sedis (subfamily uncertain) | ||||
| Adaeinae Pocock, 1903 | ||||
| Soerensenellinae Forster, 1954 | ||||
| Triaenobuninae Pocock, 1903 | ||||
| Triaenonychinae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Grassatores Kury, 2002 | ||||
| Grassatores incertae sedis (family uncertain) | ||||
| << back to top | Assamioidea Sørensen, 1884 | |||
| Assamiidae Sørensen, 1884 | ||||
| Aburistinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Acacinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Assamiinae Sørensen, 1884 | ||||
| Dampetrinae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Erecinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Eupodaucheniinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Hypoxestinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Irumuinae Kauri, 1985 | ||||
| Maruinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Polycoryphinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Selencinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Sidaminae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Epedanidae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Epedanidae incertae sedis | ||||
| Acrobuninae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Dibuninae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Epedaninae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Sarasinicinae Roewer, 1923 | ||||
| Pyramidops genus group | ||||
| Stygnopsidae Sørensen, 1932 | ||||
| Trionyxellidae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Mysoreinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Opcochininae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Pungoicinae Roewer, 1935 | ||||
| Trionyxellinae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| << back to top | Gonyleptoidea Sundevall, 1833 | |||
| Agoristenidae Šilhavý, 1973 | ||||
| Agoristeninae Šilhavý, 1973 | ||||
| Leiosteninae Šilhavý, 1973 | ||||
| Zamorinae Kury, 1997 | ||||
| Cosmetidae Koch, 1839 | ||||
| Cosmetinae Koch, 1839 | ||||
| Discosomaticinae Roewer, 1923 | ||||
| Cranaidae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Cranainae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Heterocranainae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Prostygninae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Stygnicranainae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833 | ||||
| Gonyleptidae incertae sedis | ||||
| Ampycinae Kury, 2003 | ||||
| Bourguyiinae Mello-Leitão, 1923 | ||||
| Caelopyginae Sørensen, 1884 | ||||
| Cobaniinae Kury, 1994 | ||||
| Goniosomatinae Mello-Leitão, 1935 | ||||
| Gonyassamiinae Soares & Soares, 1988 | ||||
| Gonyleptinae Sundevall, 1833 | ||||
| Hernandariinae Sørensen, 1884 | ||||
| Heteropachylinae Kury, 1994 | ||||
| Metasarcinae Kury, 1994 | ||||
| Mitobatinae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Pachylinae Sørensen, 1884 | ||||
| Pachylospeleinae Šilhavý, 1974 | ||||
| Progonyleptoidellinae Soares & Soares, 1985 | ||||
| Sodreaninae Soares & Soares, 1985 | ||||
| Tricommatinae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Manaosbiidae Roewer, 1943 | ||||
| Stygnidae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Heterostygninae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Nomoclastinae Roewer, 1943 | ||||
| Stygninae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| << back to top | Phalangodoidea Simon, 1879 | |||
| Phalangodidae Simon, 1879 | ||||
| Sandokanidae Özdikmen & Kury, 2007 | ||||
| << back to top | Samooidea Sørensen, 1886 | |||
| Beloniscus species group | ||||
| Biantidae Thorell, 1889 | ||||
| Biantinae Thorell, 1889 | ||||
| Lacurbsinae Lawrence, 1959 | ||||
| Stenostygninae Roewer, 1913 | ||||
| Zairebiantinae Kauri, 1985 | ||||
| Escadabiidae Kury & Pérez, 2003 | ||||
| Kimulidae Pérez, Kury & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2007 | ||||
| Podoctidae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Erecananinae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Ibaloniinae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Podoctinae Roewer, 1912 | ||||
| Samoidae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
| Stygnommatidae Roewer, 1923 | ||||
| << back to top | Zalmoxoidea Sørensen, 1886 | |||
| Fissiphalliidae Martens, 1988 | ||||
| Guasiniidae González-Sponga, 1997 | ||||
| Icaleptidae Kury & Pérez, 2002 | ||||
| Zalmoxidae Sørensen, 1886 | ||||
The junior synonyms are not all here, but they will
be gradually added whenever my short time allows. Thanks to my colleagues (Dr
Gonzalo Giribet, Boston; Dr Jürgen Grüber, Vienna; Dr. A. Tourinho-Davis,
Manaus) for feedback / comments / corrections / nitpicking.